Difference between revisions of "Brake discs"

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===S1 Elise===
 
===S1 Elise===
 
====MMC====
 
====MMC====
−
When originally conceived and released, the Elise was supplied with Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) brake disks in combination with specific MMC brake pads.  In general it is agreed that an MMC brake setup provides excellent brake performance and feel.  The only real complaint seems to be that in wet weather the initial bite and performance is poor until the disks are dried by application.  (From VIN 2260 a splash guard was introduced to reduce this problem - Source [http://www.elises.co.uk elises.co.uk])
+
When originally conceived and released, the Elise was supplied with Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) brake discs in combination with specific MMC brake pads.  In general it is agreed that an MMC brake setup provides excellent brake performance and feel.  The only real complaint seems to be that in wet weather the initial bite and performance is poor until the discs are dried by application.  (From VIN 2260 a splash guard was introduced to reduce this problem - Source [http://www.elises.co.uk elises.co.uk])
  
−
MMC's differ from normal 'iron' disks in that the friction generated is mostly Adherent Friction rather than abrasive friction (a very good article on the nature of braking can be found [http://www.stoptech.com/tech_info/wp_warped_brakedisk.shtml here]).  Essentially when the disk and pad come in contact some of the pad material transfers onto the disk surface, so the contact patches between the two are effectively the same material.  As the disk rotates the bonds between the surfaces break and reform creating friction.
+
MMC's differ from normal 'iron' discs in that the friction generated is mostly Adherent Friction rather than abrasive friction (a very good article on the nature of braking can be found [http://www.stoptech.com/tech_info/wp_warped_brakedisk.shtml here]).  Essentially when the disc and pad come in contact some of the pad material transfers onto the disc surface, meaning the contact patches between the two are effectively the same material.  As the disc rotates the bonds between the surfaces break and reform creating friction.
  
−
One of the benefits of Adherent Friction is that under normal use the disks last a very very long time.  When braking the pads transfer their material to the surface of the disk, and it is this layer that is broken down, not the disk suface.  Therefore the disks suffer very little wear.  Under very heavy use however, the bonds between the pad and disk cannot reform as fast as they are broken down, meaning areas of the disk can loose the material layer entirely.  When this happens the abrasive friction of the pad can score away the disk surface making it too rough to rebuild the original material layer.  If this happens braking performance from the disk is permanently damaged and the disk must be replaced.  For this reason car used on track or running semi-slick tyres may wish to use traditional setups.
+
One of the benefits of Adherent Friction is that under normal use the discs last a very very long time.  When braking the pads transfer their material to the surface of the disc, and it is this layer that is broken down, not the disc suface.  Therefore the discs suffer very little wear.  Under very heavy use however, the bonds between the pad and disc cannot reform as fast as they are broken down, meaning areas of the disc can loose the material layer entirely.  When this happens the abrasive friction of the pad can score away the disc surface making it too rough to rebuild the original material layer.  If this happens braking performance from the disc is permanently damaged and the disc must be replaced.  For this reason car used on track or running semi-slick tyres may wish to use traditional setups.
 +
 
 +
MMC discs were also extremely light, reducing the unsprung weight of each wheel.
 +
 
 +
MMC brake systems were supplied up until VIN 3714, when increased part costs forced Lotus to introduce standard iron brake discs.  Recently Lotus have had trouble sourcing replacement pads, and have offered discounted conversions to iron discs for affected customers.  Third party replacement pads are available from [http://www.eliseparts.com Elise Parts] and [http://www.elise-shop.com Elise Shop].  These alternative pads are also said to improve wet weather performance.  MMC discs are no longer available.
  
−
MMC brake systems were supplied up until VIN 3714, when increased part costs forced Lotus to introduce standard iron brake disks.  Recently Lotus have had trouble sourcing replacement pads, and have offered discounted conversions to iron disks for affected customers.  Third party replacement pads are available from [http://www.eliseparts.com Elise Parts] and [http://www.elise-shop.com Elise Shop].  These alternative pads are also said to improve wet weather performance.  MMC disks are no longer available.
 
  
 
====Standard cast iron====
 
====Standard cast iron====
−
[[Image:A111J0128F.JPG|thumb|left|Vented S1 OEM Disc]]
+
These discs followed the MMC disc as the standard brake disc for the S1 Elise from VIN 3715.
−
These discs followed the MMC disc as the standard brake disc for the S1 Elise.
+
 
 +
Although introduced for cost reasons, Iron disks are better able to withstand the high temperatures associated with track driving and provide better wet weather performance than the previous MMC disks.
  
−
Standard discs (Vented)
+
The surface of the disks are solid, however they are internally vented to aid cooling.  As the disk rotates at speed, centrifugal forces act on the air inside the vanes, forcing it outwards from the center.  This action then draws fresh, cooler, air from the center of the disc through the internal vanes and out through the holes in the edges.
 +
extremely light, reducing the unsprung weight of each wheel.
 +
(Lotus Part Number: A111J0128F)
  
−
Lotus Part Number: A111J0128F
+
[[Image:A111J0128F.JPG|thumb|left|Vented S1 OEM Disc]]
 
{{clr}}
 
{{clr}}
 +
  
 
====Cross drilled====
 
====Cross drilled====
 +
The Sport 135, Sport 160, Sport 190 and 111S models were supplied with iron disks which were vented and cross drilled.  Cross drilling is the name given to drilling holes through the disc.  This has a number of advantages:
 +
* The holes allow for better cooling by drawing more air into the internal vanes.
 +
* The edges of the holes clean pad surface which can provide increased brake 'bite'.
 +
* The holes prevent gasses from collecting between the pad and disc surface
 +
* The holes reduce the weight of the disk, and therefore its inertia and the unsprung weight.
 +
 +
(Lotus Part Number: A111J0141F)
 +
 
[[Image:A111J0141F.JPG|thumb|left|Cross drilled and Vented S1 Disc]]
 
[[Image:A111J0141F.JPG|thumb|left|Cross drilled and Vented S1 Disc]]
−
'''Lotus Motorsport''' discs as fitted to the 111s, Sport 160 and other models (Cross drilled and Vented).
+
{{clr}}
  
−
Lotus Part Number: A111J0141F
 
−
{{clr}}
 
  
 
===S1 Exige, 340R===
 
===S1 Exige, 340R===
−
The Lotus Series 1 Exige, and 340R, was equipped with the same cross drilled disks as seen on the Series 1 111s and Sport 160 editions as shown above. These have a better ability to handle the heat generated with hard track use than the MMC disks
+
The Lotus Series 1 Exige and 340R, were fitted with the same cross drilled disks as seen on the Series 1 111s and Sport 160 editions described above.  
 +
(Lotus Part Number:A111J0141F)
  
−
Lotus Part Number:A111J0141F
 
  
−
===S2 Elise===
+
===S2 Elise and Exige===
−
288mm Vented Discs
+
Series 2 Elises are fitted with 288mm vented iron discs. 
  
−
The disks on the S2 are different to those used on the S1. They are the same diameter, but have a different offset and venting.
+
The disks on the S2 are not compatible with those used on the S1, although they are the same diameter the offset and venting is different.
  
 
The S2 discs feature longer, curved internal flow passages which increase the disc stability and reduce hot spot formation. The revised hole pattern has been specified to complement the new vane arrangement.  
 
The S2 discs feature longer, curved internal flow passages which increase the disc stability and reduce hot spot formation. The revised hole pattern has been specified to complement the new vane arrangement.  
  
 
The discs are not handed, so the same disc is used on the right and left hand sides of the car. The cooling air flow through the left and right discs is identical and the flow rate is purely a result of pressure differential between the centre of the disc and its rim; the shape of the vanes and the direction of rotation does not affect the flow rate significantly.  
 
The discs are not handed, so the same disc is used on the right and left hand sides of the car. The cooling air flow through the left and right discs is identical and the flow rate is purely a result of pressure differential between the centre of the disc and its rim; the shape of the vanes and the direction of rotation does not affect the flow rate significantly.  
 +
 
Some noise from the brakes themselves is to be expected but there is a fix to stop brake pads banging in the callipers.
 
Some noise from the brakes themselves is to be expected but there is a fix to stop brake pads banging in the callipers.
  
−
===Pads sticking to the disc===
 
−
 
−
The unservoed brakes on the S1 were criticised for not having enough initial bite when first applied, so Lotus used higher "grab" pads on the S2 to improve this. A byproduct of these pads is they tend to stick to the disc over a period of time, in damp or humid conditions this can happen within a couple of hours. This is something that affects the S1 as well but not to the same extent. Normally the stiction is limited to a clunk on pulling away, but with wet weather or if the car has recently been washed, the stciking can be quite severe. This however is not a problem its just Something you just need to be aware of, it is also just another case of [http://wiki.seloc.org/index.php/TADTS TADTS]
 
  
 
===Vaxuall VX200===
 
===Vaxuall VX200===
 +
Content yet to be added!  Are the VX disks the same as the S1/S2?  Press the 'Edit' link to add your knowledge!
  
−
?????ARE THESE THE SAME AS THE S2 DISKS??????
 
−
 
−
'''yet to be added'''
 
−
 
−
==Lotus Exige S2 Disc Brakes==
 
−
 
−
?????ARE THESE THE SAME AS THE S2 DISKS??????
 
−
 
−
 
−
'''yet to be added'''
 
  
 
==Lotus Europa Disc Brakes==
 
==Lotus Europa Disc Brakes==
Line 62: Line 64:
 
288mm Vented Discs with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-lock_braking_system ABS]  
 
288mm Vented Discs with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-lock_braking_system ABS]  
  
−
'''This is currently unconfirmed'''
+
This is currently unconfirmed - Press the 'Edit' link to add your knowledge!
 +
 
  
 
==Elise Upgrade Options==
 
==Elise Upgrade Options==
  
−
[[Image:ALS1J6002_3F.JPG|thumb|right|Lotus Motorsport AP 4 Pot Calipers ]]
 
−
Lotus Motorsport Brake Bias Valve, as used on the Elise S2 Sport 190 and VX220 Sprint.
 
  
−
Ideal for race or track use - giving the ultimate configurable braking control in any conditions
+
===Lotus Motorsport===
−
[[Image:brakebias.JPG|thumb|left|Lotus Motorsport Brake Bias Valve]]
 
−
(Part Number:ALS1J6012F)
 
  
  
−
???????Lotus Motorsport Brake Master Cylinder (Part Number:ALS1J6010F)????????
+
====Lotus Motorsport Brake Bias Valve====
−
 
+
Lotus Motorsport Brake Bias Valve, as used on the Elise S2 Sport 190 and VX220 Sprint. This allow the front/rear brake balance to be adjusted.
−
as used on the Elise S2 Sport 190 and VX220 Sprint.
+
(Lotus Part Number:ALS1J6012F)
−
'''yet to be added'''
 
  
 +
[[Image:brakebias.JPG|thumb|left|Lotus Motorsport Brake Bias Valve]]
 +
{{Clr}}
  
  
−
Lotus Motorsport AP 4 Pot Brake Calipers S2 Only (Part Number ALS1J6002_3F)
+
====Lotus Motorsport Brake Master Cylinder====
 +
(Lotus Part Number:ALS1J6010F)
 +
Content to be added! Press the 'Edit' link to add your knowledge!
  
  
−
 
+
====Lotus Offical upgrade kit for the S2====
−
[http://www.eliseparts.com/shop/index.php?main_page=index&cPath=157&zenid=a2860acbb2e0d419982d9d1196ced354 Elise Parts]
 
−
 
 
−
[http://www.plansmotorsport.com/showroom/components/ Plans Motorsports]
 
−
 
 
−
==Lotus Offical upgrade kit for the S2==
 
−
 
 
 
Lotus Motorsport supplied bolt on kit that comes with 2 x AP 4 pot alloy calipers with Pagid RS14 Pads and 2 x alloy bells with discs.
 
Lotus Motorsport supplied bolt on kit that comes with 2 x AP 4 pot alloy calipers with Pagid RS14 Pads and 2 x alloy bells with discs.
 +
(Lotus Part Number:ALS3J0040F)
  
−
Fittings are also included.
+
From Lotus Motorsport:
  
−
Track Use Only
+
Fittings are also included.
 +
Track Use Only
 +
 +
The pads are 16mm thick with an area of 43.2cm2 and are Pagid RS14 ceramic friction material.
 +
 +
They are full race pads with a medium to high friction value.
 +
 +
The discs are 310mm outside diameter and 28mm thick and weigh 4.9kg
 +
 +
The Caliper is a 2 piece aluminium alloy body with 38.10mm diameter piston bores. Weight is 2.3kg
 +
 
 +
Designed to fit the following cars using a 16inch Front wheel:
 +
 +
  - Elise S2 (with OZ wheels + 3mm spacer)
 +
  - Elise 111R - with Exige S2/Forged Alloy wheels
 +
  - Exige S2 - direct fitment
 +
 +
This kit will not fit Elise S1 or Exige S1.
 +
 +
Lotus recommend use with braided brake hoses
 +
 +
Lotus Part Number:ALS3J0040F
 +
 +
Price £1,762.50 inc VAT
  
 +
[[Image:brakeupgrade1.JPG|thumb|left|Upgrade Caliper and Discs]][[Image:brakeupgrade2.JPG|thumb|left|Upgrade bolts]][[Image:brakeupgrade3.JPG|thumb|left|Upgrade Pads]][[Image:ALS1J6002_3F.JPG|thumb|left|Lotus Motorsport AP 4 Pot Calipers ]][[Image:APBigBrakeCaliper.jpg|thumb|left|Upgrade Caliper]][[Image:APBigBrakeCaliper2.jpg|thumb|left|Upgrade Caliper and Disc]]
 +
{{Clr}}
  
−
The pads are 16mm thick with an area of 43.2cm2 and are Pagid RS14 ceramic friction material.
 
  
−
They are full race pads with a medium to high friction value.
+
===EliseParts.com===
 +
[http://www.eliseparts.com/shop/index.php?main_page=index&cPath=157&zenid=a2860acbb2e0d419982d9d1196ced354 Elise Parts]
  
−
The discs are 310mm outside diameter and 28mm thick and weigh 4.9kg
 
  
−
The Caliper is a 2 piece aluminium alloy body with 38.10mm diameter piston bores. Weight is 2.3kg
+
===Plans Motorsport===
−
[[Image:brakeupgrade1.JPG|thumb|left|Upgrade Caliper and Discs]][[Image:brakeupgrade2.JPG|thumb|left|Upgrade bolts]][[Image:brakeupgrade3.JPG|thumb|left|Upgrade Pads]]
+
[http://www.plansmotorsport.com/showroom/components/ Plans Motorsports]
  
 +
==Common Questions==
  
 +
===Pads sticking to the disc===
  
−
 
+
The unservoed brakes on the S1 were criticised for not having enough initial bite when first applied, so Lotus used higher "grab" pads on the S2 to improve this. A byproduct of these pads is they tend to stick to the disc over a period of time, in damp or humid conditions this can happen within a couple of hours. This is something that affects the S1 as well but not to the same extent. Normally the stiction is limited to a clunk on pulling away, but with wet weather or if the car has recently been washed, the stciking can be quite severe. This however is not a problem its just Something you just need to be aware of, it is also just another case of [http://wiki.seloc.org/index.php/TADTS TADTS]
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
[[Image:APBigBrakeCaliper.jpg|thumb|right|Upgrade Caliper]]
 
−
[[Image:APBigBrakeCaliper2.jpg|thumb|right|Upgrade Caliper and Disc]]
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
Designed to fit the following cars using a 16inch Front wheel:
 
−
 
 
−
Elise S2 (with OZ wheels + 3mm spacer)
 
−
 
 
−
Elise 111R - with Exige S2/Forged Alloy wheels
 
−
 
 
−
Exige S2 - direct fitment
 
−
 
 
−
This kit will not fit Elise S1 or Exige S1.
 
−
 
 
−
Lotus recommend use with braided brake hoses
 
−
 
 
−
Lotus Part Number:ALS3J0040F
 
−
 
 
−
Price £1,762.50 inc VAT
 
−
 
 
  
  
Line 158: Line 144:
 
[http://www.hubert.racegame.org/brakes.html HubSpace.net on Disc Brakes]
 
[http://www.hubert.racegame.org/brakes.html HubSpace.net on Disc Brakes]
  
−
[http://www.stoptech.com/tech_info/wp_warped_brakedisk.shtml The "Warped" Brake Disc and Other Myths of the Braking System
+
The "Warped" Brake Disc and Other Myths of the Braking System by Carroll Smith: http://www.stoptech.com/tech_info/wp_warped_brakedisk.shtml
−
by Carroll Smith]
 
  
  

Revision as of 00:06, 19 August 2006

Lotus OEM Fitment

S1 Elise

MMC

When originally conceived and released, the Elise was supplied with Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) brake discs in combination with specific MMC brake pads. In general it is agreed that an MMC brake setup provides excellent brake performance and feel. The only real complaint seems to be that in wet weather the initial bite and performance is poor until the discs are dried by application. (From VIN 2260 a splash guard was introduced to reduce this problem - Source elises.co.uk)

MMC's differ from normal 'iron' discs in that the friction generated is mostly Adherent Friction rather than abrasive friction (a very good article on the nature of braking can be found here). Essentially when the disc and pad come in contact some of the pad material transfers onto the disc surface, meaning the contact patches between the two are effectively the same material. As the disc rotates the bonds between the surfaces break and reform creating friction.

One of the benefits of Adherent Friction is that under normal use the discs last a very very long time. When braking the pads transfer their material to the surface of the disc, and it is this layer that is broken down, not the disc suface. Therefore the discs suffer very little wear. Under very heavy use however, the bonds between the pad and disc cannot reform as fast as they are broken down, meaning areas of the disc can loose the material layer entirely. When this happens the abrasive friction of the pad can score away the disc surface making it too rough to rebuild the original material layer. If this happens braking performance from the disc is permanently damaged and the disc must be replaced. For this reason car used on track or running semi-slick tyres may wish to use traditional setups.

MMC discs were also extremely light, reducing the unsprung weight of each wheel.

MMC brake systems were supplied up until VIN 3714, when increased part costs forced Lotus to introduce standard iron brake discs. Recently Lotus have had trouble sourcing replacement pads, and have offered discounted conversions to iron discs for affected customers. Third party replacement pads are available from Elise Parts and Elise Shop. These alternative pads are also said to improve wet weather performance. MMC discs are no longer available.


Standard cast iron

These discs followed the MMC disc as the standard brake disc for the S1 Elise from VIN 3715.

Although introduced for cost reasons, Iron disks are better able to withstand the high temperatures associated with track driving and provide better wet weather performance than the previous MMC disks.

The surface of the disks are solid, however they are internally vented to aid cooling. As the disk rotates at speed, centrifugal forces act on the air inside the vanes, forcing it outwards from the center. This action then draws fresh, cooler, air from the center of the disc through the internal vanes and out through the holes in the edges. extremely light, reducing the unsprung weight of each wheel. (Lotus Part Number: A111J0128F)

Vented S1 OEM Disc



Cross drilled

The Sport 135, Sport 160, Sport 190 and 111S models were supplied with iron disks which were vented and cross drilled. Cross drilling is the name given to drilling holes through the disc. This has a number of advantages:

  • The holes allow for better cooling by drawing more air into the internal vanes.
  • The edges of the holes clean pad surface which can provide increased brake 'bite'.
  • The holes prevent gasses from collecting between the pad and disc surface
  • The holes reduce the weight of the disk, and therefore its inertia and the unsprung weight.

(Lotus Part Number: A111J0141F)

Cross drilled and Vented S1 Disc



S1 Exige, 340R

The Lotus Series 1 Exige and 340R, were fitted with the same cross drilled disks as seen on the Series 1 111s and Sport 160 editions described above. (Lotus Part Number:A111J0141F)


S2 Elise and Exige

Series 2 Elises are fitted with 288mm vented iron discs.

The disks on the S2 are not compatible with those used on the S1, although they are the same diameter the offset and venting is different.

The S2 discs feature longer, curved internal flow passages which increase the disc stability and reduce hot spot formation. The revised hole pattern has been specified to complement the new vane arrangement.

The discs are not handed, so the same disc is used on the right and left hand sides of the car. The cooling air flow through the left and right discs is identical and the flow rate is purely a result of pressure differential between the centre of the disc and its rim; the shape of the vanes and the direction of rotation does not affect the flow rate significantly.

Some noise from the brakes themselves is to be expected but there is a fix to stop brake pads banging in the callipers.


Vaxuall VX200

Content yet to be added! Are the VX disks the same as the S1/S2? Press the 'Edit' link to add your knowledge!


Lotus Europa Disc Brakes

288mm Vented Discs with ABS

This is currently unconfirmed - Press the 'Edit' link to add your knowledge!


Elise Upgrade Options

Lotus Motorsport

Lotus Motorsport Brake Bias Valve

Lotus Motorsport Brake Bias Valve, as used on the Elise S2 Sport 190 and VX220 Sprint. This allow the front/rear brake balance to be adjusted. (Lotus Part Number:ALS1J6012F)

Lotus Motorsport Brake Bias Valve



Lotus Motorsport Brake Master Cylinder

(Lotus Part Number:ALS1J6010F) Content to be added! Press the 'Edit' link to add your knowledge!


Lotus Offical upgrade kit for the S2

Lotus Motorsport supplied bolt on kit that comes with 2 x AP 4 pot alloy calipers with Pagid RS14 Pads and 2 x alloy bells with discs. (Lotus Part Number:ALS3J0040F)

From Lotus Motorsport: 

Fittings are also included.
Track Use Only

The pads are 16mm thick with an area of 43.2cm2 and are Pagid RS14 ceramic friction material.

They are full race pads with a medium to high friction value.

The discs are 310mm outside diameter and 28mm thick and weigh 4.9kg 

The Caliper is a 2 piece aluminium alloy body with 38.10mm diameter piston bores. Weight is 2.3kg
 
Designed to fit the following cars using a 16inch Front wheel:

 - Elise S2 (with OZ wheels + 3mm spacer) 
 - Elise 111R - with Exige S2/Forged Alloy wheels 
 - Exige S2 - direct fitment

This kit will not fit Elise S1 or Exige S1. 

Lotus recommend use with braided brake hoses 

Lotus Part Number:ALS3J0040F 

Price £1,762.50 inc VAT
Upgrade Caliper and Discs
Upgrade bolts
Upgrade Pads
Lotus Motorsport AP 4 Pot Calipers
Upgrade Caliper
Upgrade Caliper and Disc



EliseParts.com

Elise Parts


Plans Motorsport

Plans Motorsports

Common Questions

Pads sticking to the disc

The unservoed brakes on the S1 were criticised for not having enough initial bite when first applied, so Lotus used higher "grab" pads on the S2 to improve this. A byproduct of these pads is they tend to stick to the disc over a period of time, in damp or humid conditions this can happen within a couple of hours. This is something that affects the S1 as well but not to the same extent. Normally the stiction is limited to a clunk on pulling away, but with wet weather or if the car has recently been washed, the stciking can be quite severe. This however is not a problem its just Something you just need to be aware of, it is also just another case of TADTS


Other sources of information

Wikipedia on Disc Brakes

Elises.co.uk on S1 Disc Brakes

Elises.co.uk on S2 Disc Brakes

HubSpace.net on Disc Brakes

The "Warped" Brake Disc and Other Myths of the Braking System by Carroll Smith: http://www.stoptech.com/tech_info/wp_warped_brakedisk.shtml

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